Are solariums safe?

Sunbeds used in solariums, and sun tanning lamps are artificial tanning procedures said to offer an effective, quick and harmless alternative to natural sunlight. However, there is growing evidence that the ultraviolet radiation (UVR) emitted by the lamps used in solariums may damage the skin and increase the risk of developing skin cancer. This discussion relates to the use of sunbeds and tanning lamps for cosmetic purposes.

Most solariums claim that only UVA radiation is emitted from the lamps used in sunbeds. However, most lamps also emit some UVB which even in small amounts can be hazardous. The lamps used in solariums need to be tested regularly to monitor the output and the effectiveness of the diffuser in filtering out any harmful UVB or UVC radiation.

Many solariums advertise that artificial tanning does not cause skin aging or skin cancer. However, UVA radiation is known to penetrate the top layer of the skin and can cause premature skin aging and wrinkling. The important thing to remember is that UVR dose accumulated while obtaining the tan increases the risk of developing skin cancer later in life. Also the artificial tan provided by the solarium will not provide adequate protection from the harmful effects of natural sunlight. Individuals with skin that does not tan and burns easily are most at risk of developing skin cancer later in life.

People must also consider exposure of their eyes to UVR emitted from the lamps, which are in close proximity when lying on a sunbed. Permanent eye damage may result from long-term exposure to the UVR. If you intend on using a sunbed wear UV protective eyewear (goggles) to prevent exposure of the eyes to harmful levels of UVR and blue light.

Solariums may produce minor skin irritation in people who already suffer from skin rashes. Also some prescription drugs such as antibiotics and cosmetics may increase a person's sensitivity to UVR. Use of a solarium under these conditions may result in severe sunburn. People who tend to freckle and have a history of childhood sunburn are at high risk of incurring adverse health effects from UVR.