Marine and coastal monitoring

Naturally occurring and human-made radionuclides are present in marine environments throughout the world. Natural radionuclides enter the marine environment through geological and atmospheric processes, while artificial radionuclides originate primarily from historical atmospheric nuclear weapons testing and, to a lesser extent, nuclear accidents and other human activities.

Monitoring Australia's marine environment helps establish baseline conditions, understand long-term environmental trends and provide trusted reference data that can be used to assess future monitoring results if an unusual radiological event were ever suspected.

ARPANSA undertakes marine monitoring programs in seawater, marine sediments and coastal environments to support public reassurance, environmental assessment and emergency preparedness.

Marine and coastal baseline monitoring

Environmental baseline monitoring establishes datasets describing normal levels of radioactivity in Australia's marine and coastal environments. These measurements provide important reference information that can be used to assess future monitoring results and support environmental assessments and emergency preparedness.

Location/s	Darwin (NT), Gladstone (QLD), Cockburn Sound (WA)
Sampling Date/s	November 2025 – June 2026
Sample Types	Seawater Recreational water (beachside seawater) Marine sediment Soil Drinking water
Monitoring Objective/s	To establish baseline datasets describing radioactivity levels in Australian marine and coastal environments. To improve understanding of naturally occurring and anthropogenic radionuclides in seawater, sediments, soils and drinking water. To support public reassurance and environmental assessment. To provide trusted baseline data for comparison with future monitoring results.
Method of analysis	High Resolution Gamma-Ray Spectrometry Gross Alpha/Beta Screening by Liquid Scintillation Counting Radium-226 and Radium-228 Analysis by Liquid Scintillation Counting Tritium Analysis by Liquid Scintillation Counting (where applicable)

Summary of results

Assessment against screening/guideline levels	All results were consistent with expected environmental background conditions. No unusual levels of artificial radioactivity were identified.
Health advice	No health impact.
Alignment with Community Values for Monitoring and Assessment	Ecosystem health Recreation in the environment Information and awareness Economic activity
Baseline radioactivity datasets were established for seawater, recreational water, drinking water, soils and marine sediments. Radioactivity levels measured across all locations were consistent with expected environmental background conditions. No unusual levels of artificial radioactivity were identified. These results contribute to Australia's growing environmental baseline dataset and support future environmental assessments and emergency preparedness activities. Minimum detectable activity concentration (<x): the true activity concentration is estimated to be less than x with 95% confidence. The reported uncertainty is an expanded uncertainty calculated using a coverage factor of 2.

Drinking water results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (Bq/kg)
ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Co-60	Cs-137	Am-241	K-40	Pb-210	Ra-226	Ra-228	Th-228	Th-234
RAS_26-0043-13	ENV-20260625_0940 Triplicate 1	< 0.12	< 0.11	< 0.14	< 1.4	< 1.3	< 1.7	< 0.23	< 0.16	< 1.1
RAS_26-0043-14	ENV-20260625_0940 Triplicate 2	< 0.14	< 0.12	< 0.26	< 1.3	< 2.4	< 1.9	< 0.44	< 0.18	< 1.7
RAS_26-0043-15	ENV-20260625_0940 Triplicate 3	< 0.13	< 0.11	< 0.12	< 1.3	< 1.2	< 1.6	< 0.41	< 0.15	< 1.1
RAS_26-0043-16	ENV-20260625_1003 Triplicate 1	< 0.096	< 0.091	< 0.11	< 1.2	< 0.97	< 1.5	< 0.34	< 0.13	< 0.96
RAS_26-0043-17	ENV-20260625_1003 Triplicate 2	< 0.12	< 0.11	< 0.14	< 1.3	< 1.3	< 1.8	< 0.37	< 0.16	< 1.2
RAS_26-0043-18	ENV-20260625_1003 Triplicate 3	< 0.094	< 0.091	< 0.17	< 0.98	< 2.2	< 1.7	< 0.31	< 0.16	< 1.3
RAS_26-0043-19	ENV-20260625_1020 Triplicate 1	< 0.13	< 0.12	< 0.12	< 1.4	< 0.67	< 1.6	< 0.41	< 0.16	< 1.1
RAS_26-0043-20	ENV-20260625_1020 Triplicate 2	< 0.11	< 0.090	< 0.11	< 1.2	< 1.1	< 1.6	< 0.33	< 0.14	< 0.95
RAS_26-0043-21	ENV-20260625_1020 Triplicate 3	< 0.14	< 0.12	< 0.27	< 1.4	< 2.4	< 1.4	< 0.46	< 0.18	< 1.7

Seawater results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (mBq/L)
ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Cs-137	Cs-134
RAS_26-0043-1	HMAS Coonawarra	1.02 ± 0.254	< 0.11
RAS_26-0043-2	Next to shipping channel	0.902 ± 0.206	< 0.10
RAS_26-0043-3	East Arm port	0.899 ± 0.203	< 0.13

Soil and sediment results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (Bq/kg)
ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Co-60	Cs-137	Am-241	K-40	Pb-210	Ra-226	Ra-228	Th-228	Th-234
RAS_26-0043-4	ENV-20260625_0820 Triplicate 1	< 1.7	< 1.8	< 2.3	26.1 ± 9.53	48.0 ± 12.3	29.2 ± 3.90	26.3 ± 3.98	30.9 ± 5.69	25.2 ± 8.36
RAS_26-0043-5	ENV-20260625_0820 Triplicate 2	< 1.4	< 0.97	< 1.4	28.9 ± 8.69	49.7 ± 12.0	26.1 ± 3.46	25.4 ± 3.66	27.7 ± 4.65	31.9 ± 8.59
RAS_26-0043-6	ENV-20260625_0820 Triplicate 3	< 1.4	< 0.89	< 1.6	28.6 ± 9.01	47.9 ± 11.6	29.2 ± 3.84	27.8 ± 4.01	34.8 ± 5.40	23.7 ± 6.93
RAS_26-0043-7	ENV-20260625_0853 Triplicate 1	< 1.3	< 1.3	< 1.5	32.1 ± 9.12	45.6 ± 11.3	26.4 ± 3.48	29.7 ± 4.22	32.3 ± 5.11	< 15
RAS_26-0043-8	ENV-20260625_0853 Triplicate 2	< 1.4	< 0.86	< 1.7	26.1 ± 8.16	43.8 ± 10.9	26.6 ± 3.74	30.1 ± 4.32	32.2 ± 5.35	22.7 ± 7.31
RAS_26-0043-9	ENV-20260625_0853 Triplicate 3	< 1.6	< 1.6	< 2.0	17.1 ± 7.28	42.6 ± 11.0	26.7 ± 3.57	27.6 ± 4.04	35.4 ± 5.99	18.4 ± 6.63
RAS_26-0043-10	ENV-20260625_0923 Triplicate 1	< 1.7	< 1.1	< 2.2	37.0 ± 11.2	64.7 ± 15.8	30.0 ± 4.09	34.8 ± 4.93	39.7 ± 6.46	31.0 ± 9.43
RAS_26-0043-11	ENV-20260625_0923 Triplicate 2	< 1.4	1.17 ± 0.463	< 1.5	29.6 ± 8.86	65.7 ± 15.6	29.9 ± 3.96	32.2 ± 4.60	37.8 ± 5.85	27.6 ± 7.72
RAS_26-0043-12	ENV-20260625_0923 Triplicate 3	< 1.4	1.18 ± 0.458	< 1.6	39.1 ± 11.0	64.0 ± 15.2	31.4 ± 4.11	33.5 ± 4.65	39.4 ± 6.09	34.2 ± 9.11
RAS_26-0043-22	ENV-20260625_1131 Triplicate 1	< 1.2	< 0.96	< 1.1	314 ± 71.8	8.97 ± 3.62	7.85 ± 1.17	8.64 ± 1.57	9.69 ± 1.99	8.93 ± 3.69
RAS_26-0043-23	ENV-20260625_1131 Triplicate 2	< 1.2	< 0.99	< 1.3	382 ± 86.9	< 12	7.22 ± 1.12	9.23 ± 1.78	9.06 ± 1.96	< 7.8
RAS_26-0043-24	ENV-20260625_1131 Triplicate 3	< 1.2	< 0.89	< 0.90	239 ± 55.0	9.79 ± 3.46	7.42 ± 1.10	8.08 ± 1.51	9.88 ± 1.95	11.2 ± 3.83
RAS_26-0043-25	ENV-20260625_1208 Triplicate 1	< 0.96	< 0.94	< 1.1	27.4 ± 7.89	11.8 ± 4.09	7.87 ± 1.17	9.10 ± 1.58	11.7 ± 2.31	15.9 ± 4.85
RAS_26-0043-26	ENV-20260625_1208 Triplicate 2	< 1.0	< 0.87	< 1.2	20.4 ± 6.34	13.2 ± 4.20	7.02 ± 1.09	9.03 ± 1.67	10.1 ± 2.14	19.9 ± 5.80
RAS_26-0043-27	ENV-20260625_1208 Triplicate 3	< 1.1	< 0.88	< 0.97	22.5 ± 6.98	8.07 ± 2.89	7.95 ± 1.16	9.19 ± 1.59	11.2 ± 2.02	16.7 ± 4.70
RAS_26-0043-28	ENV-20260625_1247 Triplicate 1	< 1.3	< 1.2	< 1.5	19.7 ± 6.93	21.3 ± 6.35	14.6 ± 2.02	14.6 ± 2.36	19.5 ± 3.56	16.5 ± 5.38
RAS_26-0043-29	ENV-20260625_1247 Triplicate 2	< 1.1	< 0.87	< 0.91	23.3 ± 6.81	14.5 ± 4.14	11.9 ± 1.65	13.3 ± 2.06	16.2 ± 3.18	19.2 ± 5.31
RAS_26-0043-30	ENV-20260625_1247 Triplicate 3	< 1.1	< 0.90	< 1.1	20.4 ± 6.38	18.7 ± 5.04	15.0 ± 2.04	15.4 ± 2.31	17.0 ± 3.11	19.0 ± 5.36

Drinking water results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (Bq/kg)
ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Co-60	Cs-137	Am-241	K-40	Pb-210	Ra-226	Ra-228	Th-228	Th-234
RAS_26-0012-1	ENV20260210-AUCKLAND-DW(1)	< 0.12	< 0.11	< 0.14	< 1.3	< 1.3	< 1.7	< 0.38	< 0.16	< 1.1
RAS_26-0012-2	ENV20260210-AUCKLAND-DW(2)	< 0.13	< 0.13	< 0.27	< 1.3	< 2.5	< 2.0	< 0.43	< 0.18	< 1.6
RAS_26-0012-3	ENV20260210-AUCKLAND-DW(3)	< 0.12	< 0.10	< 0.11	< 1.3	< 1.1	< 1.5	< 0.37	< 0.15	< 0.92
RAS_26-0012-4	ENV20260210-BARNEY-DW(1)	< 0.10	< 0.10	< 0.11	< 1.1	< 0.97	< 1.5	< 0.34	< 0.13	< 0.94
RAS_26-0012-5	ENV20260210-BARNEY-DW(2)	< 0.12	< 0.11	< 0.13	< 1.2	< 1.3	< 1.8	< 0.38	< 0.16	< 1.2
RAS_26-0012-6	ENV20260210-BARNEY-DW(3)	< 0.10	< 0.09	< 0.15	< 0.98	< 1.7	< 1.7	< 0.31	< 0.15	< 1.2
RAS_26-0012-7	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-DW(1)	< 0.11	< 0.11	< 0.14	< 1.2	< 1.3	< 1.6	< 0.37	< 0.15	< 1.1
RAS_26-0012-8	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-DW(2)	< 0.14	< 0.13	< 0.29	< 1.4	< 2.5	< 2.0	< 0.44	< 0.19	< 1.7
RAS_26-0012-9	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-DW(3)	< 0.12	< 0.11	< 0.12	< 1.4	< 1.2	< 1.6	< 0.40	< 0.15	< 0.98
RAS_26-0012-10	ENV20260210-BARNEY-SW(1)	< 0.11	< 0.09	< 0.11	11.3 ± 2.7	< 0.98	< 1.5	< 0.34	< 0.13	< 0.92
RAS_26-0012-11	ENV20260210-BARNEY-SW(2)	< 0.12	< 0.10	< 0.13	10.1 ± 2.4	< 1.3	< 1.7	< 0.37	< 0.15	< 1.2
RAS_26-0012-12	ENV20260210-BARNEY-SW(3)	< 0.10	< 0.09	< 0.14	11.0 ± 2.6	< 1.4	< 1.6	< 0.32	< 0.15	< 1.2
RAS_26-0012-13	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-SW(1)	< 0.14	< 0.12	< 0.26	11.5 ± 2.7	< 2.4	< 1.9	< 0.42	< 0.17	< 1.6
RAS_26-0012-14	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-SW(2)	< 0.12	< 0.11	< 0.11	11.3 ± 2.7	< 1.1	< 1.5	< 0.39	< 0.14	< 0.95
RAS_26-0012-15	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-SW(3)	< 0.11	< 0.090	< 0.11	10.7 ± 2.5	< 1.0	< 1.5	< 0.34	< 0.13	< 0.92

Seawater results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (mBq/L)
ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Cs-137	Cs-134
RAS_26-0015-1-17561	Gladstone – Barney Point	0.862 ± 0.339	< 0.091
RAS_26-0015-2-17562	Gladstone – Auckland Point – Berth 3	1.45 ± 1.08	< 0.18
RAS_26-0015-3-17563	Gladstone – Boyne Smelter	1.30 ± 0.674	< 0.15

Soil and sediment results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (Bq/kg)
ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Co-60	Cs-137	Am-241	K-40	Pb-210	Ra-226	Ra-228	Th-228	Th-234
RAS_26-0012-16	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-S(1)	< 1.8	< 1.7	< 2.0	93.6 ± 23.6	34.2 ± 9.49	15.5 ± 2.25	13.6 ± 2.59	15.7 ± 2.64	37.1 ± 8.07
RAS_26-0012-17	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-S(2)	< 1.5	< 1.3	< 1.2	89.9 ± 22.1	34.2 ± 8.68	13.1 ± 1.87	11.5 ± 2.06	14.2 ± 2.43	34.5 ± 7.08
RAS_26-0012-18	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-S(3)	< 1.8	< 0.84	< 2.0	76.9 ± 20.1	39.9 ± 10.6	15.0 ± 2.16	13.3 ± 2.52	13.0 ± 2.34	36.8 ± 7.95
RAS_26-0012-19	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-S(4)	< 1.7	< 0.65	< 1.4	172 ± 40.6	34.7 ± 8.88	20.3 ± 2.76	17.0 ± 2.80	18.2 ± 2.88	< 13
RAS_26-0012-20	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-S(5)	< 1.8	< 1.7	< 2.1	175 ± 41.4	31.5 ± 8.81	19.1 ± 2.68	17.3 ± 2.81	19.7 ± 3.35	26.0 ± 6.19
RAS_26-0012-21	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-S(6)	< 1.7	< 1.4	< 1.3	166 ± 39.4	37.2 ± 9.46	16.5 ± 2.33	13.0 ± 2.23	16.2 ± 2.61	28.6 ± 6.24
RAS_26-0012-22	ENV20260210-BARNEY-S(1)	< 1.8	< 1.7	< 2.1	245 ± 56.9	33.1 ± 9.13	23.1 ± 3.17	20.8 ± 3.28	22.8 ± 3.75	32.6 ± 7.36
RAS_26-0012-23	ENV20260210-BARNEY-S(2)	< 1.7	< 1.4	< 1.4	243 ± 56.4	27.4 ± 7.37	18.1 ± 2.50	15.8 ± 2.74	17.9 ± 2.87	< 13
RAS_26-0012-24	ENV20260210-BARNEY-S(3)	< 1.6	< 0.98	< 1.6	278 ± 64.1	29.6 ± 7.92	23.4 ± 3.16	19.9 ± 3.21	22.6 ± 3.56	< 15
RAS_26-0012-25	ENV20260211-AUCKLAND-S(1)	< 1.7	< 1.6	< 1.8	220 ± 51.3	21.5 ± 6.70	32.9 ± 4.34	38.9 ± 5.50	40.8 ± 6.72	< 19
RAS_26-0012-26	ENV20260211-AUCKLAND-S(2)	< 1.7	< 1.6	< 2.0	222 ± 51.6	21.3 ± 6.72	31.4 ± 4.28	35.3 ± 5.08	42.3 ± 6.88	44.7 ± 9.60
RAS_26-0012-27	ENV20260211-AUCKLAND-S(3)	< 1.8	< 1.8	< 2.8	222 ± 51.6	< 19	40.4 ± 5.29	32.3 ± 4.88	36.3 ± 5.46	39.8 ± 8.95
RAS_26-0012-28	ENV20260211-AUCKLAND-S(4)	< 2.0	< 1.7	< 2.0	256 ± 59.6	32.3 ± 9.10	13.8 ± 2.02	16.4 ± 2.91	16.8 ± 3.70	19.5 ± 5.19
RAS_26-0012-29	ENV20260211-AUCKLAND-S(5)	< 1.8	< 1.4	< 1.3	242 ± 56.4	30.8 ± 8.09	13.3 ± 1.93	13.3 ± 2.26	13.5 ± 2.63	19.5 ± 4.69
RAS_26-0012-30	ENV20260211-AUCKLAND-S(6)	< 1.6	< 1.4	< 1.4	252 ± 58.3	29.8 ± 7.86	13.8 ± 2.04	12.1 ± 2.16	15.7 ± 2.86	19.6 ± 4.63
RAS_26-0012-31	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-MS(1)	< 1.3	< 1.1	< 1.2	206 ± 47.8	< 10	7.78 ± 1.27	5.80 ± 1.35	5.72 ± 1.42	< 9.7
RAS_26-0012-32	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-MS(2)	< 1.1	< 0.94	< 1.1	187 ± 43.2	< 8.5	6.34 ± 0.967	5.59 ± 1.41	6.23 ± 1.41	10.9 ± 2.89
RAS_26-0012-33	ENV20260210-SPINNAKER-MS(3)	< 1.4	< 1.3	< 1.7	188 ± 43.7	< 21	7.42 ± 1.18	4.72 ± 1.23	6.32 ± 1.56	< 9.8
RAS_26-0012-34	ENV20260210-BARNEY-MS(1)	< 1.3	< 1.2	< 1.4	197 ± 45.6	< 13	5.47 ± 0.924	5.08 ± 1.19	6.64 ± 1.61	9.21 ± 2.75
RAS_26-0012-35	ENV20260210-BARNEY-MS(2)	< 1.2	< 0.91	< 0.85	176 ± 41.0	< 7.3	4.38 ± 0.760	6.33 ± 1.27	6.29 ± 1.51	< 7.7
RAS_26-0012-36	ENV20260210-BARNEY-MS(3)	< 1.3	< 1.1	< 1.1	194 ± 45.2	8.83 ± 3.32	4.33 ± 0.795	5.30 ± 1.39	6.53 ± 1.58	8.28 ± 2.31

Drinking water results

ARPANSA Sample ID

Location ID

Radionuclide Concentration (Bq/kg)

Co-60

Cs-137

Am-241

K-40

Pb-210

Ra-226

Ra-228

Th-228

Th-234

RAS_25-0024-4

ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-RW-(1.3)

< 0.13

< 0.12

< 0.15

11.1 ± 2.4

< 1.5

< 1.7

< 0.41

< 0.18

< 1.2

RAS_25-0024-6

ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-RW-(1.4)

< 0.15

< 0.13

< 0.28

11.6 ± 2.5

< 2.5

< 2.0

< 0.47

< 0.20

< 1.7

RAS_25-0024-10

ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-RW-(2.3)

< 0.14

< 0.12

< 0.13

11.8 ± 2.6

< 1.3

< 1.7

< 0.43

< 0.17

< 1.1

RAS_25-0024-12

ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-RW-(2.4)

< 0.11

< 0.097

< 0.12

11.3 ± 2.4

< 1.1

< 1.6

< 0.35

< 0.15

< 0.98

RAS_25-0024-16

ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-RW-(3.3)

< 0.13

< 0.11

< 0.14

11.8 ± 2.5

< 1.3

< 1.8

< 0.40

< 0.17

< 1.2

RAS_25-0024-17

ENV-20251204-RB-beach-DW-(1)

< 0.13

< 0.12

< 0.15

< 1.4

< 1.7

< 0.40

< 0.18

< 1.1

RAS_25-0024-21

ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-RW-(1.3)

< 0.14

< 0.13

< 0.28

11.5 ± 2.5

< 2.5

< 2.0

< 0.47

< 0.19

< 1.7

RAS_25-0024-23

ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-RW-(1.4)

< 0.14

< 0.12

< 0.13

11.9 ± 2.6

< 1.3

< 1.7

< 0.43

< 0.17

< 1.1

RAS_25-0024-27

ENV-20251124-BB-beach-RW-(2.3)

< 0.12

< 0.11

< 0.12

11.5 ± 2.5

< 1.2

< 1.7

< 0.39

< 0.16

< 1.1

RAS_25-0024-29

ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-RW-(2.4)

< 0.13

< 0.12

< 0.15

11.5 ± 2.5

< 1.4

< 1.9

< 0.45

< 0.18

< 1.3

RAS_25-0024-33

ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-RW-(3.3)

< 0.16

< 0.14

< 0.29

11.9 ± 2.6

< 2.7

< 2.2

< 0.50

< 0.21

< 1.8

RAS_25-0024-34

ENV-20251124-BB-beach-DW-(DW)

< 0.11

< 0.098

< 0.12

< 1.2

< 1.1

< 1.6

< 0.36

< 0.15

< 1.0

RAS_25-0024-38

ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-RW-(1.3)

< 0.14

< 0.12

< 0.13

11.2 ± 2.4

< 1.3

< 1.7

< 0.42

< 0.17

< 1.1

RAS_25-0024-40

ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-RW-(1.4)

< 0.13

< 0.11

< 0.14

12.0 ± 2.6

< 1.4

< 1.8

< 0.41

< 0.18

< 1.3

RAS_25-0024-44

ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-RW-(2.3)

< 0.13

< 0.12

< 0.15

11.2 ± 2.4

< 1.5

< 1.7

< 0.42

< 0.18

< 1.2

RAS_25-0024-46

ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-RW-(2.4)

< 0.13

< 0.11

< 0.14

11.0 ± 2.4

< 1.4

< 1.7

< 0.41

< 0.17

< 1.1

RAS_25-0024-50

ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-RW-(3.3)

< 0.15

< 0.13

< 0.29

11.2 ± 2.4

< 2.6

< 2.1

< 0.47

< 0.21

< 1.8

RAS_25-0024-52

ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-RW-(3.4)

< 0.14

< 0.13

12.2 ± 2.6

< 1.3

< 1.8

< 0.45

< 0.16

< 1.2

RAS_25-0024-53

ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-DW-(1)

< 0.11

< 0.12

< 1.2

< 1.1

< 1.6

< 0.36

< 0.094

< 1.0

Seawater results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (mBq/L)
		Cs-137	Cs-134
RAS_25-0021_16657	Low pier near Diamantina Wharf	1.20 ± 0.393	< 0.075

Soil and sediment results

ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Radionuclide Concentration (Bq/kg)
ARPANSA Sample ID	Location ID	Co-60	Cs-137	Am-241	K-40	Pb-210	Ra-226	Ra-228	Th-228	Th-234
RAS_25-0024-1	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(1.1)	< 1.6	< 1.3	< 1.5	132 ± 31.5	< 12	8.76 ± 1.32	5.19 ± 1.89	4.75 ± 1.17	15.3 ± 4.00
RAS_25-0024-2	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(1.2)	< 1.2	< 0.93	< 0.84	133 ± 31.4	< 11	7.54 ± 1.13	< 3.9	4.33 ± 1.09	12.1 ± 2.88
RAS_25-0024-3	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(1.3)	< 1.3	< 1.1	< 1.1	128 ± 30.2	< 8.1	7.57 ± 1.13	4.47 ± 1.12	5.13 ± 1.28	11.8 ± 3.05
RAS_25-0024-5	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(1.4)	< 1.3	< 0.98	< 1.1	150 ± 35.2	9.80 ± 3.95	8.87 ± 1.30	4.07 ± 1.04	5.67 ± 1.32	10.2 ± 2.94
RAS_25-0024-7	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(2.1)	< 1.4	< 1.1	< 1.2	132 ± 31.3	10.3 ± 4.01	8.01 ± 1.20	3.23 ± 1.09	4.67 ± 1.19	12.4 ± 3.14
RAS_25-0024-8	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(2.2)	< 1.5	< 1.3	< 1.7	130 ± 30.8	< 11	8.04 ± 1.27	4.35 ± 1.42	4.74 ± 1.24	9.13 ± 3.06
RAS_25-0024-9	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(2.3)	< 1.6	< 1.3	< 1.4	135 ± 32.0	< 9.9	4.87 ± 0.86	5.01 ± 1.47	3.76 ± 1.03	11.3 ± 3.05
RAS_25-0024-11	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(2.4)	< 1.3	< 0.93	< 0.89	161 ± 37.5	7.22 ± 2.90	5.91 ± 0.95	5.15 ± 1.22	5.44 ± 1.34	13.4 ± 3.17
RAS_25-0024-13	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(3.1)	< 1.3	< 0.89	< 0.96	146 ± 34.1	< 9.1	6.82 ± 1.04	4.79 ± 1.14	4.61 ± 1.15	13.1 ± 3.13
RAS_25-0024-14	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(3.2)	< 1.3	< 0.95	< 0.99	140 ± 32.8	< 9.0	7.05 ± 1.08	4.05 ± 1.08	4.90 ± 1.23	11.3 ± 3.02
RAS_25-0024-15	ENV-20251123-Rockingham Beach-beach-S-(3.3)	< 1.4	< 1.1	< 1.3	136 ± 32.2	< 11	5.19 ± 0.92	4.65 ± 1.14	3.84 ± 1.02	< 12
RAS_25-0024-18	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(1.1)	< 1.6	< 1.5	< 2.2	176 ± 41.1	< 25	11.4 ± 1.77	21.9 ± 3.33	29.6 ± 5.21	17.4 ± 4.80
RAS_25-0024-19	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(1.2)	< 1.4	< 1.2	< 1.5	205 ± 47.7	< 11	9.70 ± 1.42	8.58 ± 1.80	11.6 ± 2.63	11.6 ± 3.28
RAS_25-0024-20	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(1.3)	< 1.3	< 0.98	< 1.1	212 ± 49.1	10.6 ± 3.75	10.3 ± 1.47	12.8 ± 2.14	16.5 ± 3.13	10.2 ± 2.88
RAS_25-0024-22	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(1.4)	< 1.4	< 1.1	< 1.1	252 ± 58.0	9.16 ± 3.40	8.51 ± 1.30	6.14 ± 1.32	7.50 ± 1.80	9.14 ± 2.64
RAS_25-0024-24	ENV-20251124-BB-beach-S-(2.1)	< 1.5	< 1.3	< 1.6	186 ± 43.1	23.0 ± 6.64	23.6 ± 3.16	55.3 ± 7.49	64.3 ± 9.28	< 17
RAS_25-0024-25	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(2.2)	< 1.4	< 1.1	< 1.4	166 ± 38.6	13.8 ± 4.61	16.0 ± 2.20	20.4 ± 3.07	25.1 ± 4.55	< 14
RAS_25-0024-26	ENV-20251124-BB-beach-S-(2.3)	< 1.5	< 1.5	< 2.3	231 ± 53.3	< 17	22.7 ± 3.11	44.4 ± 6.03	51.9 ± 8.28	30.8 ± 7.51
RAS_25-0024-28	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(2.4)	< 1.5	< 1.3	< 1.5	242 ± 56.0	12.0 ± 4.98	6.44 ± 1.04	5.63 ± 1.38	7.98 ± 1.87	13.5 ± 3.52
RAS_25-0024-30	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(3.1)	< 1.3	< 1.1	< 1.2	209 ± 48.3	16.3 ± 4.95	12.4 ± 1.76	22.2 ± 3.29	28.3 ± 4.57	< 11
RAS_25-0024-31	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(3.2)	< 1.3	< 0.92	< 1.1	160 ± 37.3	11.3 ± 3.77	7.83 ± 1.17	14.0 ± 2.22	18.2 ± 3.17	< 9.9
RAS_25-0024-32	ENV-20251124-Bathers Beach-beach-S-(3.3)	< 1.3	< 1.1	< 1.1	202 ± 46.7	< 9.0	8.00 ± 1.19	8.80 ± 1.62	9.68 ± 2.17	< 11
RAS_25-0024-35	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(1.1)	< 1.1	< 0.89	< 1.1	95.5 ± 22.8	8.77 ± 3.40	6.19 ± 0.98	3.89 ± 0.98	3.62 ± 0.96	12.8 ± 3.21
RAS_25-0024-36	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(1.2)	< 1.3	< 1.2	< 1.6	137 ± 32.1	< 18	7.10 ± 1.13	4.55 ± 1.12	6.52 ± 1.46	11.3 ± 4.82
RAS_25-0024-37	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(1.3)	< 1.5	< 1.2	< 1.4	172 ± 40.2	< 13	5.42 ± 0.95	4.40 ± 1.20	4.37 ± 1.16	13.0 ± 3.45
RAS_25-0024-39	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(1.4)	< 1.3	< 0.90	< 0.85	160 ± 37.4	< 8.3	4.52 ± 0.76	2.69 ± 0.82	4.29 ± 1.08	12.4 ± 2.93
RAS_25-0024-41	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(2.1)	< 1.3	< 0.91	< 0.96	104 ± 24.9	< 8.4	6.31 ± 1.00	4.70 ± 1.11	7.20 ± 1.62	13.4 ± 3.14
RAS_25-0024-42	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(2.2)	< 1.2	< 0.99	< 1.0	119 ± 28.2	< 8.9	5.96 ± 0.93	4.22 ± 1.23	6.14 ± 1.40	11.2 ± 3.02
RAS_25-0024-43	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(2.3)	< 1.2	< 0.95	< 1.1	158 ± 36.9	< 11	4.54 ± 0.76	4.05 ± 1.23	4.19 ± 1.08	7.14 ± 2.13
RAS_25-0024-45	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(2.4)	< 1.5	< 1.3	< 1.8	158 ± 37.0	< 22	4.98 ± 0.90	4.30 ± 1.41	4.52 ± 1.18	13.1 ± 3.99
RAS_25-0024-47	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(3.1)	< 1.4	< 1.2	< 1.4	109 ± 26.3	< 13	6.18 ± 0.99	3.37 ± 1.22	4.53 ± 1.18	12.9 ± 3.36
RAS_25-0024-48	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(3.2)	< 1.3	< 0.93	< 0.86	106 ± 25.4	7.09 ± 2.85	5.70 ± 0.91	3.78 ± 1.02	5.21 ± 1.29	14.1 ± 3.27
RAS_25-0024-49	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(3.3)	< 1.2	< 0.90	< 0.90	180 ± 41.6	9.60 ± 3.50	4.93 ± 0.80	3.86 ± 1.09	4.95 ± 1.22	10.8 ± 2.65
RAS_25-0024-51	ENV-20251124-Challengers Beach-beach-S-(3.4)	< 1.2	< 0.98	< 0.94	173 ± 40.2	< 8.9	5.49 ± 0.87	3.93 ± 1.13	4.86 ± 1.22	10.1 ± 2.81